by Azelaic acid is a naturally occurring saturated dicarboxylic acid that is produced by several grains such as wheat and barley. It exhibits antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. These unique qualities allow it to effectively treat different dermatological conditions such as acne, rosacea and hyperpigmentation.
How Does it Work?
Azelaic Acid works by inhibiting the growth of bacteria on the skin such as Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis that contribute to acne breakouts. It also exerts a keratolytic or peeling effect that gently exfoliates the skin by dissolving the outermost layer of dead skin cells. This prevents clogged pores and the accumulation of sebum. Azelaic acid also possesses anti-inflammatory properties that reduce redness, swelling and pain associated with acne lesions. Its antioxidant abilities further promote healing and protection against free radical damage.
Treating Acne
Numerous clinical studies have established the efficacy of dicarboxylic acid gel or cream formulations in clearing acne lesions. When applied topically, it penetrates into follicular pores and gently unclogs them to prevent new breakouts. It disrupts the bacterial components that lead to inflammation while calming existing lesions. Azelaic acid is able to treat both non-inflammatory lesions like whiteheads and blackheads as well as inflammatory papules and pimples. Daily use helps diminish acne severity and promotes clearer skin over time.
Does it Work for Rosacea?
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by redness, flushing, pimples and swollen blood vessels. Azelaic acid works as an effective treatment option for rosacea owing to its anti-inflammatory and bacteriostatic properties. It can help reduce facial redness, flushing episodes and pus-filled papules that may occur with rosacea subtype 1 and 2. Regular application also prevents rosacea flares or exacerbations brought on by triggers like heat, spicy foods or alcohol. Azelaic acid gel or cream is generally well-tolerated and provides steady control of rosacea symptoms for most patients.
Lightening Hyperpigmentation
One challenge that often follows acne breakouts or skin inflammations is the formation of unwanted hyperpigmentation or dark spots. Topical dicarboxylic acid aids in fading these discolorations over time by inhibiting excess melanin production in the epidermis. It additionally possesses tyrosinase inhibition activity that decreases melanogenesis. Regular sun protection along with dicarboxylic acid is vital to prevent darker, permanent lesions. Many users have noticed lighter, more even skin tone within a few months of consistent application.
Side Effects and Formulations
Azelaic Acid is considered very safe as a topical treatment with minimal side effects. Mild redness, burning or itching may occur initially but usually subsides within a few days. Rare occurrences of contact dermatitis or local irritation have been reported. It comes in various concentrations from 15-20% as gels, creams and foams requiring once or twice daily application. Prescription strength dicarboxylic acid may be needed for resistant acne or rosacea. It can be used alongside other topicals so long as no irritation develops and consultations with a dermatologist are best before combining products.
With its multiple beneficial properties, dicarboxylic acid has proven itself as a versatile active ingredient. From acne to rosacea to hyperpigmentation, it delivers noticeable improvements in skin texture and clarity over several weeks of use. As one of the mildest exfoliating agents, it seldom causes irritation even for sensitive skin types. Azelaic acid is regarded as a safe and cost-effective first-line treatment option for a range of dermatological issues.
*Note:
1. Source: Coherent Market Insights, Public sources, Desk research
2. We have leveraged AI tools to mine information and compile it.
About Author - Priya Pandey
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